Public rights refer to rights that are respected and protected by all and take into account public needs and desires, in a way that can help ensure social justice and create a balanced society. This research analyzes the process of establishing examples of public rights in Iran's legal system and its purpose is to identify the components and examples of these rights as an independent institution from other institutions of public law and human rights. The process of establishing common law is examined in three key stages; The first stage of creating and setting up the institution: this stage is dedicated to the design and development of a suitable legal framework for identifying and guaranteeing public rights, and the importance of legal institutions in this field is specifically examined. The second stage of the institution's implementation: In this stage, the implementation of the components of public rights and the role of contracts and laws in the daily life of citizens are discussed, so that public awareness and education regarding these rights are also considered And the third stage of monitoring the institution's implementation: this section is dedicated to the evaluation of the effectiveness of the implementation of public rights and the challenges in this field, which include the analysis of monitoring methods and the identification of practical obstacles in the realization of these rights. This study also deals with the challenges caused by social, economic and cultural changes and criticizes the inability of the government to identify and institutionalize public rights. Finally, suggestions for legal reforms and the development of regulatory mechanisms are presented that can help improve social justice and provide better protection of citizens' rights in Iran, especially in terms of increasing the transparency and efficiency of the legal system.