The patent system has been formed on the basis of certain principles, including motivating the inventor and respecting his work. Against it there are other bases, like competition, which is in conflict with the foregoing foundations and, of course, precedes it. Considering that the law of patents, industrial designs and trade marks of Iran, in accordance with other laws of intellectual property rights in the countries of the world, finds the solution to this conflict in recognizing the exceptions to the exploitation of patents and in Section C Article 15, Determining the Exceptions;This article seeks to clarify, using the documents of the Permanent Patent Committee of WIPO and other existing documents, certain foundations which are in conflict with the founding principles of the patent and which justify the acceptance of the exceptions. . Therefore, it seems that the bases for the exceptions of the exploitation of patents in the five general sections of the economic, legal, cultural and social, health and security principles, and also within the framework of jurisprudential foundations.
میرحسینی، سید حسن؛ حقوق اختراعات؛ چ1، تهران: نشر میزان، 1387.
میرحسینی، سید حسن؛ فرهنگ حقوق مالکیت معنوی ـ حقوق مالکیت صنعتی؛ ج2، چ2، تهران: انتشارات میزان، 1391.
نادریزاده، راضیه؛ استثنائات حقوق مالکیت فکری درآثار مطبوعاتی، رادیو و تلویزیون؛ پایاننامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده حقوق دانشگاه قم، 1393.
نوروزی، حسین، شهرام وصفی و دیگران؛ نقش نظام حقوق مالکیت فکری در توسعه اقتصاد دانش محور؛ ج1، تهران: موسسه مطالعات و پژوهشهای بازرگانی، 1392.
Abramowitz, Michael; “Perfecting Patent prizes”; Vanderbilt law Rev, 56, 2003.
Adelman, Martin J., Randal R. Rader and John R.Thomas; Cases and Materials on Patent Law; GW Law Faculty Publications, 2009.
Bently, Lionel, Brad Sherman, Denis Borges Barbosa, Shamnad Basheer, Coenraad Visser & Richard Gold; Exclusions from Patentability and Exceptions and Limitations to patentees’ Rights; World Intellectual Property Organization, 2010.
Elias, Stephen & Richard Stim; Patent, Copyright & Trademark; 7th edition, Berkeley: Nolo and Richard Stim, 2004.
Ghidini, Gustavo; Innovation, Competition and Consumer Welfare in Intellectual Property Law; Massachusetts: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2010.
IIP Bulletin; Exceptions to and Limitation of the Effect of Patent Right; Vol 14, Japan, 2005.
Johnson, Jennifer A.; “The Experimental Use Exception in Japan: A Model for U.S. Patent Law”; Pacific Rim Law & Policy Journal, Vol 12, No 2, 2003.
O'Rourke, Maureen A.; “Toward a Doctrine of Fair Use in Patent Law”; Columbia Law Review Association, No 5, Vol 100, 2000.
Martin, Brian; “Against Intellectual Property”; Philosophy and Social Action, 21(3), July-September 1995.
Penner, James E.; “The Bundle of Rights: Picture of Property”; Ucla Law Review, 43(3), 1996.
Prifi, Viola; The Breeder’s Exception to Patent Rights: Analysis of Compliance with Article 30 of the TRIPS Agreement; Munich: Max Planck Institute for Innovation and Competition, 2015.
Rodrigues Jr, Edson Beas; The General Exception Clauses of TRIPS Agreement; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.
WIPO 1; Compilation of Responses to the Questionnaire on Exceptions and Limitations to Patent Rights, SCP/17/3 ANNEX II, Geneva: World Intellectual Property Organization, 2014.
WIPO 2; Exceptions and Limitations to Patent Rights: Private and/or Non-Commercial Use; SCP/20/3, Geneva: World Intellectual Property Organization, 2014.
WIPO 3; Exceptions and Limitations to Patent Rights: Use of Articles on Foreign Vessels, Aircrafts and Land Vehicles; SCP/20/7, Geneva: World Intellectual Property Organization, 2014.
WIPO 4; Exceptions and Limitations to Patent Rights: Exhaustion of Patent Rights; SCP/21/7, Geneva: World Intellectual Property Organization, 2014.
WIPO 5; Exceptions and Limitations to Patent Rights: Acts for Obtaining Regulatory Approval from Authorities; SCP/21/3, Geneva: World Intellectual Property Organization, 2014.
WIPO 6; Exceptions and Limitations to Patent Rights: PRIOR USE; SCP/20/6, Geneva: World Intellectual Property Organization, 2014.
WIPO 7; Exceptions and Limitations to Patent Rights: Extemporaneous Preparation of Medicines; SCP/20/5, Geneva: World Intellectual Property Organization, 2014.
WIPO 8; Exceptions and Limitations to Patent Rights: Experimental Use and/or Scientific Research; SCP/20/4, Geneva: World Intellectual Property Organization, 2014.